Autism in Toddlers: Signs & Intervention

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) and the Importance of Early Detection

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a developmental condition that affects communication and behavior. Recognizing early autism signs in children under three is crucial for providing timely intervention and support, maximizing their potential.

While every child develops at their own pace, certain signs may indicate the need for a professional evaluation.

Note: This blog post series is an expanded and revised exploration of concepts from my original article, Identifying Signs of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Children: Steps to Take and Available Support.

What is Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)?

ASD is a neurodevelopmental disorder that affects how a person communicates and interacts with others, as well as their behavior. It’s a “spectrum” disorder, meaning it affects each person differently and to varying degrees.

Key Signs to Watch For in Children Under 3

Lack of Gestures: By 12 months, most children use gestures like waving, pointing, or reaching. A lack of these gestures can be an early indicator.
No Babbling or Cooing: Before speaking words, babies typically babble and coo. A significant delay or absence of these sounds warrants attention.
No Response to Their Name: By 12 months, most children recognize and respond to their name. A lack of response could be a sign of communication challenges.
Absence of Words: While the age for first words varies, a noticeable delay or absence of words by 18-24 months is a concern.
Loss of Language Skills: If a child previously used words or gestures and then regresses, losing those skills, it’s essential to seek professional guidance.
Limited Eye Contact: While eye contact varies among children, consistently limited or absent eye contact can be a red flag.
Lack of Facial Expressions: Children typically display a range of facial expressions to communicate emotions. A limited range or lack of expression can be a sign.

The Importance of Early Intervention and Comprehensive Evaluation

Early intervention plays a vital role in maximizing the potential of children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Therapies and support services, when started early, can significantly improve outcomes, helping children develop essential skills.

If you observe any of the signs mentioned earlier in your child, it’s essential to consult with your child’s pediatrician. They can provide an initial evaluation and determine if further assessment is necessary.

Considering Other Factors and Ensuring a Thorough Assessment

It’s crucial to remember that developmental delays can arise from various factors, not just ASD. Hearing or vision impairments, for example, can contribute to challenges in communication and social interaction. Therefore, a comprehensive evaluation should include assessments to rule out any underlying medical conditions.

Additional Considerations and Support for Families

Beyond medical evaluations, several factors deserve consideration to provide holistic support:

Individual Variation: Developmental milestones are general guidelines. Children develop at their own pace, and slight variations are normal. If you have any concerns, always consult with your child’s pediatrician.
Emotional Support for Parents: Discovering potential developmental differences can be emotionally challenging. Remember, you are not alone. Connecting with other parents, support groups, or mental health professionals can provide valuable support and guidance.
Cultural Context: Social norms regarding eye contact, gestures, and communication styles vary across cultures. Consider your family’s cultural background.
- Discuss Cultural Considerations with your Pediatrician: Your pediatrician can offer insights into cultural variations and help distinguish between typical cultural behaviors and potential developmental concerns.
- Consult with Community Resources: Local community centers, cultural organizations, or religious institutions may offer culturally relevant information.
- Inquire About Professional Experience: If your pediatrician recommends further evaluation, ask about the professionals’ experience working with children from diverse cultural backgrounds to make informed decisions about your child’s care.

What to Do Next: Taking Action

To ensure your child receives the appropriate support:

Consult your child’s pediatrician.
Seek a referral for a developmental evaluation.
Document any observed behaviors and developmental milestones.
Learn more about ASD from reputable sources.

By recognizing the early signs and seeking professional guidance, you can help your child receive the support they need to thrive.

Video Presentation

References

Webb, S. J., & Jones, E. J. H. (2009). Early identification of autism: Early characteristics, onset of symptoms, and diagnostic stability. Infants & Young Children, 22(2), 100–118. doi.org/10.1097/IYC.0b013e3181a02f7f
Hodis, B., Mughal, S., & Saadabadi, A. (2025, January 17). Autism spectrum disorder. StatPearls [Internet]. StatPearls Publishing. ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK525976/
Maksimović, S., Marisavljević, M., Stanojević, N., Ćirović, M., Punišić, S., Adamović, T., Đorđević, J., Krgović, I., & Subotić, M. (2023).¹ Importance of early intervention in reducing autistic symptoms and speech–language deficits in children with autism spectrum disorder. Children (Basel), 10(1), 122. doi.org/10.3390/children10010122