Policymakers, educators, and parents often talk about the role of schools in promoting the development of the whole child (e.g., physical, social, and academic development). <\/p>\n\n\n\n

A growing trend toward putting more emphasis on academics has put, recess, which promotes physical and social development, at risk.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Recess provides a much-needed, planned break from academics. It\u00a0allows students to have time to rest, play, imagine, think, socialize, and move.\u00a0After recess, students are more attentive and better able to perform.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Additionally, safe, well-supervised recess offers cognitive (thinking, reasoning, or remembering<\/em>), social, emotional, and physical benefits according to research. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Recess also gives children the opportunity\u00a0to practice and develop social skills,\u00a0in a way that can’t be provided\u00a0in the structured classroom environment.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

“The American Academy of Pediatrics states that recess is a crucial and necessary component of a child\u2019s development and, therefore, it should not be withheld for punitive or academic reasons.”<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n

\n
$\"ABAS-3-Standard-Scores-224x300\"$ <\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n
Recess is sometimes reduced or taken away at school.<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
Despite the indications that recess is important and benefits children, recent surveys and studies demonstrate that schools sometimes reduce recess to\u00a0make more room for academics. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Schools also sometimes take away recess for punitive or behavioral reasons. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
\n
Please Don’t Take Away My Recess – A Poem for Children with ADHD<\/a><\/blockquote><\/iframe>\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\nAdditionally, the period of time given\u00a0for recess decreases as children get older, and children of lower socioeconomic status or those in urban settings tend to have less recess time.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How is Recess Defined?<\/h2>\n\n\n\nThe Center for Disease Control and Prevention defines recess as \u201cregularly scheduled periods within the elementary school day for unstructured physical activity and play.” <\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cognitive and Academic Benefits of Recess <\/h2>\n\n\n\nChildren\u00a0learn naturally through interactive, manipulative experiences,\u00a0which are\u00a0found during play in an unstructured social environment like recess. <\/p>\n\n\n\nTo be most ready to learn,\u00a0a child needs a period of interruption after a period of concentrated instruction. <\/p>\n\n\n\nUnstructured breaks are found to be more beneficial than\u00a0simply shifting from one cognitive task to another.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.jstor.org\/stable\/27542199\" class=\"broken_link\">Research demonstrates<\/a> that recess, whether provided indoors or outdoors, leads to children being more attentive and productive in the classroom. <\/p>\n\n\n\nThis finding was true even in cases where the students spent much of their recess time socializing. In fact, a student\u2019s ability to refocus during class time was shown to be stimulated more by the break from\u00a0class, than by the mode of activity that occurred during that break. <\/p>\n\n\n\nIn other words,\u00a0any type of activity at recess benefited cognitive performance afterward.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\nAlthough the specified time allotted for recess decreases with age, the benefits of periodic breaks in the academic day apply equally to adolescents and younger children.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What are the social and emotional benefits of recess?<\/h2>\n\n\n\nRecess promotes natural social-emotional learning and development for children by\u00a0giving them time to interact with peers, allowing them to practice important social skills. <\/p>\n\n\n\nAllowing socialization, under adult supervision,\u00a0adds to the learning environment, stretching it outside of the classroom.<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-image\">\n<figure class=\"aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img data-recalc-dims=\"1\" loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/educationandbehavior.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/11\/ABAS-3-Standard-Scores-1-300x200-1.png?resize=640%2C427&ssl=1\" alt=\"ABAS-3-Standard-Scores-1-300x200\" class=\"wp-image-21147\" width=\"640\" height=\"427\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\nWhile playing at recess, children learn\u00a0useful\u00a0communication skills, such as negotiation, cooperation, sharing, and problem-solving. <\/p>\n\n\n\nThey also learn coping skills, such as\u00a0determination and self-control.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\nThese skills\u00a0are\u00a0necessary and can last a lifetime. <\/p>\n\n\n\nRecess also offers children a necessary, socially structured means for managing stress by allowing for needed breaks, fun games, exercise, and time with friends.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What are the physical benefits of recess?<\/h2>\n\n\n\nThere is a\u00a0vast amount of literature\u00a0available on the need for and <a href=\"http:\/\/www.educationandbehavior.com\/benefits-of-exercise-for-children\/\">benefits of physical activity and fitness<\/a>, for a child\u2019s physical well-being and academic and social maturity. <\/p>\n\n\n\nNot all children play vigorously during recess; however, recess does provide children the opportunity to be active in the mode of their choice and to practice movement and motor skills (e.g., running, climbing, jumping). <\/p>\n\n\n\nEven a little movement during recess brings children closer to the recommended “60 minutes of moderate to vigorous activity per day”, a standard supported by the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP), which can help lower the risk of obesity.<\/p>\n\n\n\nPolicy makers and funding organizations have recently called for more opportunities for daily physical activity as a way to address childhood obesity. <\/p>\n\n\n\nThis has\u00a0strengthened the argument to maintain or reinstate recess as an\u00a0essential part\u00a0of the school day.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">How do we address safety concerns at recess?<\/h2>\n\n\n\nParents, teachers, and administrators have expressed concern for\u00a0children’s\u00a0safety during recess. <\/p>\n\n\n\nSome schools have chosen to\u00a0disallow games or activities deemed unsafe, and in some cases, to discontinue recess\u00a0entirely because of the many issues connected with child safety.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\nAlthough schools should ban games and activities that are a threat to child safety, they should not discontinue recess altogether. <\/p>\n\n\n\nThere are steps schools can take to address\u00a0safety concerns and protect children, while still\u00a0allowing\u00a0play during recess. <\/p>\n\n\n\nCompliance with the <a href=\"https:\/\/www.cpsc.gov\/s3fs-public\/325.pdf\" class=\"broken_link\">Consumer Product Safety Commission\u2019s Playground Safety Handbook<\/a> will help to ensure proper maintenance of playground equipment that meets\u00a0the following federal\u00a0guidelines:<\/p>\n\n\n\n1. Provision of adequate safe spaces and facilities. 2. Maintenance of developmentally appropriate equipment with regular inspections. 3. Establishment and enforcement of safety rules. 4. Implementation of recess curriculum in physical education classes to teach games, rules, and conflict resolution. 5. Establishment of a school-wide, clear policy to prevent bullying or aggressive behavior. 6. Provision of adequate supervision by qualified adults who can intervene in the event a child\u2019s physical or emotional safety is in jeopardy. “Some playgrounds in areas with a high risk of violence may require additional protective measures to ensure the safety of children.”<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What should the timing and duration of recess be? <\/h2>\n\n\n\nIn the United States, the duration and timing of recess periods can vary by age, grade, building and\/or\u00a0school district.\u00a0Many elementary schools offer recess right after students eat lunch.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\nStudies show that when recess is\u00a0given before lunch, students spend more time eating; and less food is wasted. This is why some schools have adopted a recess-before-lunch policy. <\/p>\n\n\n\nAdditionally, when recess\u00a0is offered before lunch,\u00a0teachers and <a href=\"https:\/\/www.ers.usda.gov\/webdocs\/publications\/46729\/30802_fanrr34-5_002.pdf?v=41422\">researchers have found\u00a0an improvement in student behavior at mealtime<\/a>, and in the classroom in the afternoon.<\/p>\n\n\n\n“The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention and the US Department of Agriculture support the\u00a0idea of\u00a0having recess before lunch as part of a school\u2019s wellness policy.”<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\nAlthough <a href=\"http:\/\/www.educationandbehavior.com\/wp-admin\/post.php?post=9740&action=edit\">peer-reviewed research<\/a> has examined the timing and type of activity during recess and\u00a0recorded the many benefits of recess for children, an optimal duration has not been identified. However, there is\u00a0agreement about the need for regularly scheduled recess based on national guidelines.<\/p>\n\n\n\nIn schools, the length specified for recess time\u00a0ranges from 20 to 60 minutes\u00a0a day.<\/p>\n\n\n\nIn\u00a0some countries, such as Japan,\u00a0grade school children have a 10- to 15-minute break every hour,\u00a0due to\u00a0fact that attention spans begin to\u00a0diminish after 40 to 50 minutes of intense instruction.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\nTherefore, to maximize performance, recess should be scheduled at regular intervals, providing children\u00a0adequate time to regain their focus before instruction continues.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Conclusions About the Importance of Recess in Schools<\/h2>\n\n\n\nEven with plenty of evidence\u00a0regarding the\u00a0benefits of\u00a0recess, significant pressures related to standardized\u00a0testing mandated by educational reforms, have led some to\u00a0think that recess and physical education would be better spent on academics.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\nTime previously dedicated to physical education and recess, is being reallocated for\u00a0additional academic instruction.<\/p>\n\n\n\nIronically,\u00a0reducing\u00a0recess time\u00a0may be counterproductive to academic achievement, as a growing body of evidence suggests that recess promotes physical health, social development, and\u00a0cognitive performance.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\nWhile recess and physical education both\u00a0encourage activity and a healthy lifestyle, it is only supervised, unstructured recess that offers children the opportunity to play creatively.<\/p>\n\n\n\n“Pediatricians\u2019 support of recess is an extension of the AAP\u2019s policy statement supporting free play as a fundamental component of a child\u2019s normal growth and development.”<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\nBased on an abundance of scientific studies, withholding recess for punitive or academic reasons would seem to counteract the intended outcome of improving academic performance, and may take away from\u00a0children’s development of important life skills.<\/p>\n\n\n\nBelow\u00a0is a quote from one of my favorite articles on this topic “<a href=\"https:\/\/adayinourshoes.com\/school-keeps-taking-away-childs-recess-time\/\">The School Keeps Taking Away My Child’s Recess<\/a>” from\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/adayinourshoes.com\">adayinourshoes.com<\/a>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n“The main reason that I hate recess being taken away is the underlying message it sends, which I think is: ‘Look, we know that the rest of your\u00a0school\u00a0day is craptastic, and the one escape time that you have to relax is recess, so we\u2019re going to take that from you.’ It inherently tells kids that ‘recess is the most desirable part of the\u00a0school\u00a0day.’ <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\nWhy not send the message that all learning is fun? <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\nIt also sends the message that play\/recess has\u00a0no value, and therefore, it doesn\u2019t matter if we take it from you. No harm, no foul. <\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\nThat couldn\u2019t be further from the truth!”<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"Why is Recess Important for Children in School? Policymakers, educators, and parents often talk about the role of schools in promoting the development of the whole child (e.g., physical, social, and academic development). A growing trend toward putting more emphasis on academics has put, recess, which promotes physical and social development, at risk. Recess provides […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":21144,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_uf_show_specific_survey":0,"_uf_disable_surveys":false,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":true,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[42,428,11,85,51,16,17,65],"tags":[533,534,535,536,537],"class_list":["post-9740","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-adhd","category-childrens-health","category-counselors","category-educational-strategies-tips","category-educators","category-parents","category-social-emotional","category-special-education","tag-recess-and-adhd","tag-should-we-take-away-recess","tag-taking-away-recess-and-punishment","tag-why-is-recess-important","tag-why-recess-shouldnt-be-witheld"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"yoast_head":"\n<title>The American Academy of Pediatrics Explains Why Recess Should Not Be Withheld - Education and Behavior<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/educationandbehavior.com\/american-academy-pediatrics-explains-recess-crucial-children-shouldnt-withheld\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"The American Academy of Pediatrics Explains Why Recess Should Not Be Withheld - Education and Behavior\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Why is Recess Important for Children in School? 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As a survivor of abuse, neglect, and bullying, Rachel slipped through the cracks of her school and community. Education and Behavior hopes to play a role in preventing that from happening to other children. Rachel is also the author of Building Confidence and\u00a0 Improving Behavior in Children: A Guide for Parents and Teachers. \\\"Children do best when there is consistency within and across settings (i.e., home, school, community). 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